Inhaled nitric oxide applications in paediatric practice

The nitric oxide pathway plays a pivotal, yet diverse, role in human physiology, including modulation ofvascular tone, neural transmission and inflammation. Inhaled nitric oxide is a selective pulmonary vasodilator that has emerged rapidly as an important therapeutic agent. It fi nds its best applications in paedi‐atrics; the use of iNO in term neonates with hypoxaemic respiratory failure, in the assessment of pul‐monary vascular reactivity and in the treatment of postoperative pulmonary hypertension in congenitalheart disease is well recognised and accepted.

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